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Lévi-Strauss’s writing on the house was criticized by some as a throwback to evolutionary anthropology. 0000008704 00000 n But it also connected with studies of the role of place in the making of kinship, the study of material culture more generally, and the significance of objects and landscape in the relations people make with each other. 0000002600 00000 n 0000009541 00000 n It was assumed by many practitioners of both disciplines that kinship was far less important as a social institution in the West and that it was clearly separable from political, economic, and religious life. Some of these rereadings were inspired by the Marxist critique of anthropology in the 1960s and ’70s and especially by the approach known as historical materialism.

Schneider wrote of how “Americans” understood kinship—without differentiating for class, gender, age, or ethnicity.

0000005564 00000 n In the early 21st century, culturalist research also included the examination of the relationship between kinship and nationalism and the ways in which the ideologies of kinship can be co-opted for political purposes. 158 0 obj <>stream

A related insight was that kinship and the economy were often inseparable from each other; they were “mutually embedded” in the phraseology of the era. Schneider suggested that blood was the core symbol of kinship in the United States. Rather than taking the ideological basis of kinship for granted or assuming it to be of less importance than strategic interests related to status and property, Schneider examined kinship as a cultural system that is based in shared symbols and meanings. This institution establishes relationships between individuals and groups. Many culturalist studies have tried to show how these qualities and the perspectives they may engender articulate with each other—that is, to explain how and why particular combinations of these attributes (e.g., middle-aged, middle-class, black father or elderly, working-class, white mother) create particular or characteristic points of view. Here households, lineages, and other kin-based groups were examined as units of production; property was seen as the basis of relations; and class and social change were placed at the centre of research. 0000002594 00000 n PDF | This article ... this position needs to be supplemented by the anthropological focus on kinship terminology, descent, and alliance. Kinship Terminologies and KinshipSystemsEskimo (lineal system) – emphasizes nuclear family by specifically identifying the mother, father, brother and sister, while lumping all other relatives into broad categories such as cousin, uncle and aunt. xref
He became interested in societies in which the most prominent institutions of kinship did not fit the models provided by either descent or alliance theory. The most basic bonds are those […]

The work of Pierre Bourdieu, particularly his Outline of a Theory of Practice (1977), was especially influential. This article is a revision of the previous edition article by N. Evans, volume 12, pp. In these societies, houses were named entities (as with the well-known royal houses of Europe, such as the house of Orange or the house of Windsor) that functioned as corporations, possessing material and symbolic wealth and preserving it through inheritance.

analysis of a kinship terminology. His work demonstrated the ways in which the household passed through various developmental stages as people married, had children, and grew old and as their children matured, married, and had children, triggering the division of the original domestic group. Likelihood ratios in kinship analysis: Contrasting kinship classes, not genealogies, Kin terminology and the study of kinship: A case study on the Greek island of Syros (1750–1820), Families of Multivalent Kinship Relations, Learn how we and our ad partner Google, collect and use data. .

Françoise Héritier in particular developed Lévi-Strauss’s earlier work linking terminology systems to particular forms of alliance on the basis of their association with various rules governing marriage. 0000004216 00000 n 0000003203 00000 n


In this sense such studies had either an explicit or an implicit evolutionary flavour; they analyzed kinship as a mode for structuring property relations and saw kinship and property institutions as central to the transition from precapitalist to capitalist and class-based society. It is one of the basic social institutions found in every society. trailer << /Size 278 /Info 239 0 R /Root 247 0 R /Prev 316857 /ID[<29aa063effc5f0895b9af0f5fe8f4d9f><29aa063effc5f0895b9af0f5fe8f4d9f>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 247 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 241 0 R /Outlines 206 0 R /Threads 248 0 R /OpenAction [ 251 0 R /XYZ null null null ] /PageMode /UseNone /PageLabels << /Nums [ 0 << /S /D >> ] >> >> endobj 248 0 obj [ 249 0 R 250 0 R ] endobj 249 0 obj << /I << /Title (Figure 2: Structure for the concepts, F, E and X = FE. x�bbd`b``Ń3Υ�Y �S

Lévi-Strauss suggested that in these examples the house was a kind of intermediate institution that took its place between societies that were organized through kinship and those where social organization was based on class. 0000013322 00000 n Kinship - Kinship - Kinship terminology: While British social anthropologists examined the functions of various social rules and institutions and French structuralists used the regularities that underlay those features in a search for the origins of humanity, American cultural anthropologists explored the idea that behaviour is ordered by social categories.

0000004847 00000 n Among the first anthropologists to explore kinship in the West were Raymond Firth and his colleagues, who published accounts of kinship in London from the 1950s onward. Address: Kinship Terminology Dwight Read, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA Ó 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The social category argument is insufficient as it does not account for the logic uncovered through the formalism of rewrite rule analysis regarding the distribution of kin types over kin terms when kin terms are mapped onto a genealogical grid. 0000008019 00000 n He coined the term sociétés à maison, “house societies,” to denote this particular social formation. Any formal account must be able to During the 1960s and ’70s another direction pursued in kinship studies involved the foregrounding of residence and the household as crucial dimensions of kinship. 0000006366 00000 n Although his fieldwork had been carried out amid the ethnic and social diversity of urban Chicago, the vision of kinship that emerged was quite homogenized.

Introduction: All societies recognize kinship relationship which may be broad range or narrow range.


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