Alcoholic beverages produced in the city include beers, vodkas, and liqueurs, the latter (such as Vana Tallinn) being the most characteristic. The marzipan industry in Tallinn has a very long history. [32], Around 1050, the first fortress was built on Tallinn Toompea.[15]. According to Eurostat, in 2004 Tallinn had one of the largest number of non-EU nationals of all EU member states' capital cities with Russians forming a significant minority (~34% belong to the Russian ethnic group, but a majority now hold Estonian citizenship). Kumu Art Museum features the country's largest collection of contemporary and modern art. The top-rated capitals by the life quality in Europe are Vienna, Copenhagen, Stockholm, and Berlin. The Ordovician rocks are made up from top to bottom of a thick layer of limestone and marlstone, then a first layer of argillite followed by first layer of sandstone and siltstone and then another layer of argillite also followed by sandstone and siltstone. The Tallinn Old Town (including Toompea) became a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site in 1997. As Estonia is already ranked third in Europe in terms of shopping centre space per inhabitant, ahead of Sweden and being surpassed only by Norway and Luxembourg, it will further improve the positions of the city as the major centre of shopping.[63]. The all time smallest share occurred in 1988 when only 47% of Tallinners were ethnic Estonians, not far from 2019. The city was a contender in the finals last year but was ultimately unsuccessful. This coastal district is a further 2 kilometres north-east of Kadriorg. ", Õunapuu, Piret. Kadriorg is 2 kilometres (1.2 miles) east of the city centre and is served by buses and trams. In 2009, ethnic Estonians made up about 55,2% of Tallinn's population. [85], Once every year, Estonian museums and other heritage sites open their doors to visitors for free of charge. After the annexation of Estonia into the USSR, Tallinn became formally "the capital city" of the Estonian SSR within the Soviet Union. Republic of Estonia 1944 [35] The substrate into which the buried valleys were carved is made up of hard sedimentary rock of Ediacaran, Cambrian and Ordovician age. The Lennart Meri Tallinn Airport is about 4 kilometres (2 miles) from Town Hall square (Raekoja plats). Founding member of, Burch, Stuart. A flat-fare system is used. [34], The geology under the city of Tallinn is made up of rocks and sediments of different composition and age. Tallinn does not lie on a major river. The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of 27 member states that are located primarily in Europe. Go Orange. [82] Those who are interested in Western European and Russian art may enjoy Kadriorg Art Museum collections, located in Kadriorg Palace, a beautiful Baroque building erected by Peter the Great. [39] The warmest month is usually July, with an average of 17.6 °C (63.7 °F). Winters are cloudy[37] and are characterised by low amounts of sunshine, ranging from only 20.7 hours of sunshine per month in December to 58.8 hours in February. Teutonic Order 1346–1347 One of the most visited historical museums in Tallinn is the Estonian History Museum, located in Great Guild Hall at Vanalinn, the old part of the city. It is the capital city of Iceland and located in Southwestern, Iceland. The mentioned rocks are much older than the rest (Paleoproterozoic age) and do not crop out anywhere in Estonia. In 2016, Copterline OÜ filed for bankruptcy[98] and there are no scheduled helicopter flights from Tallinn. The highest point in Tallinn, at 64 meters above sea level, is situated in Hiiu, Nõmme District, in the south-west of the city. Old City Harbour has been known as a convenient harbour since the 10th century[dubious – discuss][verification needed], but nowadays the cargo operations are shifted to Muuga Cargo Port and Paldiski Southern Port. [88] From 1987, a cycle of mass demonstrations featuring spontaneous singing of national songs and hymns that were strictly forbidden during the years of the Soviet occupation to peacefully resist the illegal oppression. Four cities in Poland are also competing for the title: Gdansk, Warsaw, Krakow and Rzeszow. The nearest railway station Ülemiste is only 1.5 km (0.9 mi) from the airport. The 19th century brought industrialisation of the city and the port kept its importance. Tallinn Stock Exchange, part of NASDAQ OMX Group, is the only regulated exchange in Estonia. Tallinn/Riga/Vilnius, Nasdaq Baltic Market, March 24, 2021 – Nasdaq (Nasdaq: NDAQ) announces that the shares of the Estonian Japan Trading Company (trading ticker: EJTC) were admitted to trading on the Nasdaq Baltic First North market by Nasdaq Tallinn as of today, March 24. Estonians made up about 80% of Tallinn's population before World War II, but make up only 49% in 2019. Tallinn industries include shipbuilding, machine building, metal processing, electronics, textile manufacturing. As an important port for trade between Russia and Scandinavia, it became a target for the expansion of the Teutonic Knights and the Kingdom of Denmark during the period of Northern Crusades in the beginning of the 13th century when Christianity was forcibly imposed on the local population. Northern Estonia, including Tallinn, was populated during Soviet time and by that Russified by Soviet authorities more than other regions of Estonia. [40] The average humidity is 81%, ranging from a high of 89% to a low of 69% in May. The main building of the Art Museum of Estonia, Kumu (Estonian: Kunstimuuseum, Art Museum), was built in 2006 and lies in Kadriorg park. In 1864 it was bought and expanded by Georg Stude and now is known as the Maiasmokk café. Essential FAQs answered. The Niguliste Museum occupies former St. Nicholas' Church; it displays collections of historical ecclesiastical art spanning nearly seven centuries from the Middle Ages to post-Reformation art. Do this until you become strong in this topic. During World War II, Estonia was first occupied by the Red Army and annexed into the USSR in 1940, then occupied by Nazi Germany from 1941 to 1944. In 1826 Tallinn merchants exported nearly 40,000 cans of vürtsikilu to Saint Petersburg, then the capital of the Russian Empire. The Estonian Museum of Natural Science features several seasonal and temporary themed exhibitions that provide an overview of wildlife in Estonia and around the world. A report by EASAC to the Committee on Industry, Research and Energy of the European Parliament, "MARKTBEAT shopping centre development report", "Regulation 1077/2011 establishing a European Agency for the operational management of large-scale IT systems in the area of freedom, security and justice", "DGs – Home Affairs – What we do – Agencies", "TeliaSonera Opens IT Development Center in Tallinn", "arvato Financial Solutions opens global IT Development and Innovation centre in Tallinn", "Ericsson Eesti planning to invest EUR 6.4 mln > Tallinn", "aripaev.ee – Skandinaavia uue börsifirma finantskeskus tuleb Tall", "Tallinn Sightseeing, Museums & Attractions", "Estonian History Museum – Great Guild Hall", "Estonian Maritime Museum – Fat Margaret's Tower", "Estonian Museum of Applied Art and Design", "Lauluväljakul oli teisel kontserdil 110 000 inimest", "Estonia – Estonia is a place for independent minds", "Estonia's Singing Revolution (1986–1991)", "Raekoja platsil valmib maailma pikim kiluvõileib", "Estonia saab sünnipäevaks martsipanist teatrimaja", "Kuidas vaeste lesknaiste toidust sai Tallinna sümbol", "Harju County, Estonia – Maryland Sister States", "Sõlmiti koostöökokkulepe Tallinna Kesklinna Valitsuse ja Carcassonne'i linna vahel", "Twin Towns – Graz Online – English Version", "Kotka – International co-operation: Twin Cities", Institutional seats of the European Union, Congratulations: 50 Years of the Eurovision Song Contest, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tallinn&oldid=1017944298, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Articles with Danish-language sources (da), Articles with German-language sources (de), Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Articles containing Estonian-language text, Pages using infobox settlement with possible demonym list, Articles with disputed statements from November 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from November 2020, Articles containing Russian-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2013, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from July 2017, Articles with disputed statements from July 2017, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2019, All articles containing potentially dated statements, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from December 2016, Articles needing additional references from June 2015, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Source 2: Pogoda.ru.net (rainy and snowy days), The Estonian town forms a crescent to the south of the Old Town, where the, European Agency for the operational management of large-scale IT systems in the area of freedom, security and justice, Kristjan Puidak (born 2004) Estonian guitarist, composer, vocalist and artist. Institutions of higher education and science include: Tallinn is home to more than 60 museums and galleries. [citation needed]. [74] It features film and hands-on displays that show how Estonian dwellers lived and survived. It also displays Estonian art starting from the early 18th century. How to Play Forced Order Minefield. Tere tulemast Tallinna linna veebilehele! This capital city fuses historical heritage with contemporary culture, characterized by its lively cafes and restaurants proudly stood next to castles, churches and museums. Other variations of modern spellings include Tallinna in Finnish, Tallina in Latvian and Talinas in Lithuanian. Tallinn has applied to become the European Union's Green Capital in 2023. In 1991, an independent democratic Estonian nation was reestablished and a period of quick development as a modern European capital ensued. It houses an encyclopaedic collection of Estonian art, including paintings by Carl Timoleon von Neff, Johann Köler, Eduard Ole, Jaan Koort, Konrad Mägi, Eduard Wiiralt, Henn Roode and Adamson-Eric, among others. While the valley fill is made up of Quaternary sediments the valleys themselves originated from erosion that took place before the Quaternary. Frogs in the Estonian capital can hop safely to their annual breeding grounds this spring as traffic is temporarily banned from a city street.Officials said the thoroughfare in Tallinn’s Haabersti [91] The modern era of marzipan in Tallinn began in 1806, when the Swiss confectioner Lorenz Caviezel set up his confectionery on Pikk Street. Kingdom of Sweden 1561–1710 The marina was built for the Moscow Olympics of 1980, and boats can be hired on the Pirita River. Also, the number of craft beer breweries has expanded sharply in Tallinn over the last decade, entering local and regional markets. During the winter months, temperatures tend to hover close to the freezing mark but mild spells of weather can push temperatures above 0 °C (32 °F), occasionally reaching above 5 °C (41 °F) while cold air masses can push temperatures below −18 °C (0 °F) an average of 6 days a year. It stores and displays about 9,000 works of art from the 16th to 20th centuries. Tallinn receives 4.3 million visitors annually,[55] a figure that has grown steadily over the past decade. At the end of the 15th century a new 159 m (521.65 ft)[verification needed] high Gothic spire was built for St. Olaf's Church. The city, with a population of about 8,000, was very well fortified with city walls and 66 defence towers. Liviko, the maker of Vana Tallinn liqueur, strongly associated with the city, is based in Tallinn. On 15 February 2010, Copterline filed for bankruptcy, citing inability to keep the company profitable. In the late 19th century marzipan figurines made by Reval confectioners were supplied to the Russian Imperial Family. It features equipment, uniforms, and documents of Russian Secret Service agents. The most symbolic seafood dish of Tallinn is "Vürtsikilu" – spicy sprats, pickled with a distinctive set of spices including black pepper, allspice and cloves. We have an awesome multi-story headquarter in Estonian capital Tallinn. The UN also uses 3-letter codes, and numerical codes to identify nations, and those are shown above. Grenoble was the winning bid. Other spoken languages include Ukrainian, Belarusian and Finnish. ", Naum, Magdalena. List of European capitals. [39] Snowfall is common in March and can occur in April. Alongside Tallinn, the cities are Helsingborg (Finland), Dublin (Ireland), Logrono (Spain), Cagliari (Italy), Zagreb (Croatia), Belgrade (Serbia), Skopje (North Macedonia), Sofia (Bulgaria), Košice (Slovakia), Izmir and Gaziantep (both in Turkey. Tallinn has gradually been becoming one of the main IT centres of Europe, with the Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence (CCD COE) of NATO, the EU Agency for large-scale IT systems and the IT development centres of large corporations, such as TeliaSonera and Kuehne + Nagel being based in the city. During the Great Northern War, plague stricken Tallinn along with Swedish Estonia and Livonia capitulated to Imperial Russia in 1710, but the local self-government institutions (Magistracy of Reval and Chivalry of Estonia) retained their cultural and economical autonomy within Imperial Russia as the Governorate of Estonia. [28] The United States Board on Geographic Names adopted the form Tallinn between June 1923 and June 1927. At first, both forms Tallinna and Tallinn were used. Related resources Fall starts out mild, with a September average of 12.0 °C (53.6 °F) and increasingly becomes cooler and cloudier towards the end of November. It comprises three bigger peninsulas: Kopli peninsula, Paljassaare peninsula and Kakumäe peninsula. just a quick comment from Ukrainian citizen regarding spelling of the capital: 'Kiev' is the old Russian spelling from the last century: soviet times. In Europe, many capital cities are popular tourist destinations, the cities attract thousands of visitors. Tallinn participates in international town twinning schemes to foster good international relations. We are proud to be one of the most respected custom software development companies in this forward- thinking country. Viru Gate, entrance to the Old Town. German occupation 1941–1944 [42] Tallinn has an average windspeed of 3.3 metres per second (11 ft/s) with winters being the windiest (around 3.7 metres per second (12 ft/s) in January) and summers being the least windy at around 2.7 m/s (8.9 ft/s) in August. The Catholic Cathedral of St Peter and St Paul is also in the Lower Town. Ljubljana (UK: / ˌ lj uː b ˈ l j ɑː n ə, ˌ l ʊ b l i ˈ ɑː n ə / lewb-LYAH-nə luub-lee-AH-nə, US: / ˌ lj uː b l i ˈ ɑː n ə, l i ˌ uː-/ lewb-lee-AH-nə lee-OO-; Slovene: [ljuˈbljàːna] (), locally also [luˈblàːna]; also known by other historical names) is the capital and largest city of Slovenia. Tallinn has a few music venues for live music such as Kultuurikatel/Kanala, Ptarmigan, Tapper, EKKM – Museum and nightlife, DM Baar. Tallinn Passenger Port is one of the busiest cruise destinations on the Baltic Sea, serving more than 520,000 cruise passengers in 2013. In 2009, Tallinn's ethnic Estonian residents made up 23,9% (219,900) of all ethnic Estonians residing in Estonia. [92] Today, along with mass production, unique projects are made, such as a 12 kg scale model of the Estonia Theatre.[93]. [37],ref name=temp/> In the early parts of fall, temperatures commonly reach 16.1 °C (61.0 °F) and at least one day above 21 °C (70 °F) in September. Is Taiwan a Country? 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